Introduction: Sibylline Leaves

Direct introduction of neomycin phosphotransferase II protein into apple leaves to confer kanamycin resistance

The recent developments of transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein-9 nuclease (Cas9) have expanded plant breeding technology. One technical issue related to the current genome editing process is residual transgenes for TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 left in plant genomes after the editing pro...

An Introduction to Sociolinguistics

Introduction to circular data

In many diverse scientific fields, the measurements are directions. For instance, a biologist may be measuring the direction of flight of a bird or the orientation of an animal. A series of such observations is called ”directional data”. Since a direction has no magnitude, these can be conveniently represented as points on the circumference of a unit circle centered at the origin or as unit ...

Introduction to Ethics

  The issues involved in this article are mainly concentrated on the origins of ethics or Moral ethics as an indepent science It has been said that this area of science was founded by Greek Philosophers after a great crisis and debates between such thinkers as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle on one side and  study of other cuitures and moral traditions, especially the Chinese and Hindu tradition...

Introduction Introduction

background Arginine-vasopressin(avp) is a physiological co-activator of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal-axis(hpa), together with corticotrophin-releasing hormone (crh). A synthetic analogue of avp, desmopressin(ddavp) is often used as pharmacological tool to assess co-activation in health and disease. The relation between ddavp’s neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, pro-coagulatory, antidiuretic ...